https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/issue/feed International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) 2025-02-15T10:59:25+0530 Dr. R. Joshi [email protected] Open Journal Systems <p>International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) accepts research works from scholars, academicians, professors, doctorates, lecturers, and corporate in their respective expertise of studies. IERJ is Peer-Reviewed Journal which is Equivalent to UGC Approved Journals</p> https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3983 A STUDY OF THE GENERAL TEACHING COMPETENCY AND MENTAL HEALTH OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS FROM URDU MEDIUM SCHOOLS 2025-02-15T10:15:47+0530 Mrs. Siddiqui Farhin Mominodine [email protected] <p><strong>A STUDY OF THE GENERAL TEACHING COMPETENCY AND MENTAL HEALTH OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS FROM URDU MEDIUM SCHOOLS</strong></p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3984 THE ROLE OF CLOUD TECHNOLOGY IN MODERN ACCOUNTING: PERSPECTIVES FROM AHMEDABAD CAS 2025-02-15T10:17:37+0530 Dr. Shilpa Patel [email protected] <p>Cloud technology has revolutionized the way accounting professionals approach their daily tasks, offering numerous benefits that make it an essential tool in modern accounting. The significance of cloud technology lies in its ability to transform traditional accounting practices by enhancing operational efficiency, reducing costs, and improving collaboration. The role of cloud technology in modern accounting has gained significant attention in recent years, transforming traditional accounting practices into more efficient, cost-effective, and collaborative processes. This study seeks to explore the perceptions of Chartered Accountants (CAs) towards the adoption and implementation of cloud technology in the accounting profession. The research aims to analyse how CAs perceive cloud technology’s impact on efficiency, cost reduction, and collaboration within their professional practice. Additionally, the study investigates the association between the demographic profiles of CAs and their perceptions of cloud technology. A sample size of 183 Chartered Accountants from Ahmedabad was targeted for this study. The findings reveal a strong belief among CAs that cloud technology has enhanced the efficiency of accounting processes, reduced the long-term costs of maintaining accounting systems, and facilitated better collaboration with clients and team members. This study contributes to understanding the significance of cloud technology in the evolution of modern accounting practices, highlighting its transformative potential in the professional accounting landscape.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3985 “EXAMINATION AND EVALUATION IN THE NEW EDUCATION POLICY (NEP)-2020” 2025-02-15T10:20:03+0530 Dr. Navdeep Kumar Maurya [email protected] <p>The ability and achievement of students are measured through examinations and their evaluation. In the present times conducting objective exam and making objective evaluation is a big challenge. For this many suggestions have been given in NEP 2020. So That Continuous and comprehensive evaluation Can be done on all four stage or sources of the student's educational Life.</p> <p>Examination and assessment have been reformed at all Levels of elementary education Primary Education, meddle Education, Secondary Education and Higher Education also. in this there is talk of promoting Semester and grade system as well as opening National Assessment Conter. Along with flexible exams and assessment, National Testing Agency has been asked to Conduct National Achievement Survey. Strengthened the evaluation System by Suggesting Academic Credit Bank and Transfer creat.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3986 EVALUATING THE LONG-TERM FINANCIAL STABILITY OF SELECTED TEA COMPANIES IN INDIA 2025-02-15T10:23:22+0530 Dr. R. K. Patel [email protected] B. J. Barot [email protected] <p>Tea was heavily advertised to all sections of Indian society. Tea is an agro-based commodity and is subjected to varieties of nature. Despite adverse agro climatic condition experienced in tea growing areas in many years, Indian tea plantation industry is able to maintain substantial growth in relation to volume of Indian tea production during the last one decade. Indian tea exports have been competing strongly in the international markets and has been able to create a niche for itself. The study is taken to study the long-term financial stability of three selected tea companies-Harrisons Malayalam Ltd., Dhunseri Tea Ltd., and Neelamalai Agro Ltd. covering their Debt Equity Ratio, Interest Coverage Ratio and debt to asset ratio for the period from 2013-14 to 2022-23 using ratio analysis. The study concludes that there is difference in the financial strategies and stability of these companies.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3987 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PROFITABILITY OF SELECTED TEA COMPANIES IN INDIA 2025-02-15T10:28:51+0530 Dr. R. K. Patel [email protected] B. J. Barot [email protected] <p>Tea has been consumed for about 5,000 years worldwide. Tea, the second most widely consumed beverage globally after water has rich history deeply intertwined with Chinese culture. The study is carried out to analyse the profitability of three tea companies selected for the period from 2013-14 to 2022-23. The study uses ANOVA for the analysis purpose. The study found that United Nilgiri Ltd. consistently outperformed the other two companies in terms of profitability, Goodricke Group Ltd. showed modest profitability with average returns on equity and assets while Mcleod Russel India Ltd. exhibited significant financial challenges, with negative average profitability</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3988 ANHARMONIC CONTRIBUTION TO THE SPECIFIC HEAT AT CONSTANT VOLUME OF A ONE DIMENTIONAL SYSTEM OF QUANTUM HARMONIC OSCILLATORS IN THE FIRST DEGREE OF ANHARMONICITY 2025-02-15T10:32:54+0530 Dr. Palash Das [email protected] <p>Effect of anharmonicity leads to the exchange of energy between mechanical and thermal vibrations, which can affect the specific heat of a substance. We consider a one dimensional of quantum harmonis oscillators at an absolute temperature T in the presence of a weak anharmonicity and derive an expression for the anharmonic contribution to the specific heat at constant volume.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3989 TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE AMPLITUDE RATIO, ASSOCIATED WITH THE ZERO FREQUENCY CRITICAL BULK VISCOSITY 2025-02-15T10:35:08+0530 Dr. Palash Das [email protected] <p>It was shown by Onuki that the zero frequency bulk viscosity is associated with a universal amplitude ratio that was calculated to be around 0.10. We study the bulk viscosity from the physical stand point of view of sound attenuation and show that the amplitude ratio, associated with the critical bulk viscosity, is not truly universal. It has a logarithmic correction instead.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3990 “A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PROFITABILITY POSITION OF SELECTED SUGAR COMPANIES OF INDIA" 2025-02-15T10:36:36+0530 Bharadva Divya J [email protected] Dr. Ramesh H. Davada [email protected] <p>This paper elaborates about the profitability position of the selected sugar companies of India. Samples have been selected based on net profit with non-probability sampling method: Balrampur chini mills, Dalmia Sugars, Triveni Engineering, Bannari Amman and Dhampur.To measure the profitability net profit ratio, Return on Equity, and Return on Assets. Time period of the study was 5 year from 2019-20 to 2023-24. For the analysis of data ANOVA has been used. Findings of the study was that there was a significant difference in net profit and Return on Equity ratio, while there was no difference between Return on Assets ratio of particular sugar companies.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3991 QUALITY OF E-CONTENTS ON DIKSHA PLATFORM: A STUDY OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS 2025-02-15T10:41:41+0530 Mr. Rajkishore Roul [email protected] Prof. Ramakanta Mohalik [email protected] <p>The rapid digital transformation in education has highlighted the critical role of e-content platforms in enhancing teaching and learning. DIKSHA (Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing), an initiative by the Ministry of Education, aims to provide high-quality, curriculum-aligned e-content for educators and students. This study investigates secondary school teachers' perceptions of the quality of e-content on the DIKSHA platform, focusing on content, pedagogy, and technological dimensions. Data were gathered from 119 secondary school teachers, categorized by gender and location, using a survey-based descriptive quantitative method. Districts and schools were selected through simple random sampling, while teachers were chosen through purposive sampling. The collected data were analyzed through percentage analysis of different dimensions and t-test to assess variations by gender and location of the secondary school teachers. Results revealed positive perceptions regarding content alignment, engagement strategies, and accessibility, but highlighted challenges in inclusivity, assessment integration, and mobile compatibility. No significant differences were observed in teachers' perceptions based on gender or location. The findings underscore the need for strategic enhancements in content inclusivity, self-paced learning features, and technological design to optimize DIKSHA’s impact. This study provides actionable insights for refining digital learning platforms to better meet the diverse needs of educators and learners.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3992 "युद्ध आधारित हिंदी सिनेमा में राष्ट्रीय पहचान और राष्ट्रवाद का विमर्श: एक ऐतिहासिक एवं आलोचनात्मक अध्ययन" 2025-02-15T10:44:17+0530 Sumit Verma [email protected] Dr. Kiran Tripathi [email protected] <p>युद्ध फिल्मों का सिनेमा में विशेष स्थान रहा है, क्योंकि ये न केवल युद्ध की घटनाओं का चित्रण करती हैं, बल्कि राष्ट्रवाद और राष्ट्रीय पहचान के विचारों को भी प्रस्तुत करती हैं। हिंदी सिनेमा में युद्ध-आधारित फिल्मों का विकास स्वतंत्रता के पूर्व और पश्चात विभिन्न रूपों में हुआ है। यह शोध पत्र युद्ध फिल्मों के माध्यम से हिंदी सिनेमा में राष्ट्रवाद और राष्ट्रीय पहचान के चित्रण का ऐतिहासिक व आलोचनात्मक अध्ययन करता है। इसमें विशेष रूप से यह देखा जाएगा कि इन फिल्मों में किस प्रकार से राष्ट्रीयता, सैनिक बलिदान, सांस्कृतिक धरोहर और राजनीतिक परिप्रेक्ष्य को प्रस्तुत किया गया है। साथ ही, यह अध्ययन यह भी विश्लेषण करता है कि ये फिल्में जनता की राष्ट्रवादी भावना को किस हद तक प्रभावित करती हैं।</p> <p>युद्ध आधारित हिंदी सिनेमा ने विभिन्न कालखंडों में भारतीय समाज और राजनीति को प्रतिबिंबित किया है। यह शोध इस बात की भी पड़ताल करता है कि युद्ध फिल्मों में राष्ट्रवाद का स्वरूप समय के साथ कैसे बदला है और किस प्रकार वैश्विक राजनीति, मीडिया और सामाजिक परिवर्तनों ने इन फिल्मों की विषयवस्तु को प्रभावित किया है। इसके अतिरिक्त, यह अध्ययन हिंदी सिनेमा की प्रमुख युद्ध फिल्मों का विश्लेषण कर यह समझने का प्रयास करेगा कि इन फिल्मों में राष्ट्रवादी विचारधारा और सैनिकों के बलिदान को किस हद तक नायकत्व प्रदान किया गया है। यह शोध यह भी दर्शाएगा कि ये फिल्में भारतीय नागरिकों, विशेष रूप से युवा पीढ़ी, की राष्ट्रीय चेतना और देशभक्ति को कैसे प्रभावित करती हैं।</p> <p>यह अध्ययन युद्ध फिल्मों के ऐतिहासिक विकास और वर्तमान दौर में उनकी प्रासंगिकता को भी रेखांकित करेगा। इसके अंतर्गत यह भी देखा जाएगा कि इन फिल्मों में प्रयुक्त प्रतीकों, संवादों और दृश्यों के माध्यम से किस प्रकार एक मजबूत राष्ट्रवादी भावना को स्थापित करने का प्रयास किया जाता है। अंततः, यह शोध पत्र इस निष्कर्ष पर पहुंचेगा कि युद्ध फिल्में केवल मनोरंजन का माध्यम नहीं हैं, बल्कि वे राष्ट्र निर्माण की प्रक्रिया में भी सहायक भूमिका निभाती हैं।</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3993 FOOD & NUTRITION IN INDIA: CHALLENGES, TRENDS & SOLUTIONS 2025-02-15T10:46:46+0530 Dr. Pratibha V Nayak [email protected] <p>Food and nutrition in India are subjects of paramount significance, deeply intertwined with the nation's health, well-being, and socio-economic development. This research paper endeavors to provide a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted landscape of food and nutrition in India. Through a thorough examination of existing literature, statistical data, and policy frameworks, this study aims to shed light on the critical challenges, emerging trends, and potential solutions in the realm of food and nutrition. The paper begins by elucidating the current state of food security in India, scrutinizing aspects related to accessibility, availability, utilization, and stability of food resources. It delves into the alarming prevalence of malnutrition and under nutrition, with a focus on vulnerable population groups, as well as the burgeoning concern of over nutrition and diet-related diseases. Additionally, the study investigates government initiatives and policies designed to address these issues, evaluating their efficacy and reach. A noteworthy dimension of the research is the exploration of traditional food practices and the impact of modernization on dietary habits. It underscores the significance of preserving and promoting indigenous food systems while accommodating the inevitable influence of globalization. Furthermore, the study investigates sustainable agriculture practices and their potential to enhance nutrition, emphasizing the vital role of sustainable food systems in achieving long-term nutritional security. By incorporating case studies and examples of successful nutrition interventions in India, this research paper offers tangible insights into effective strategies for addressing food and nutrition challenges. It concludes by outlining recommendations for policymakers, communities, and researchers to chart a course toward a healthier, nutritionally secure India. In a nation where food and nutrition intricately intersect with public health, economic progress, and cultural heritage, understanding the complex tapestry of challenges, trends, and solutions is imperative. This research endeavors to contribute to the ongoing discourse on food and nutrition in India, providing a foundation for informed decision-making and collaborative efforts aimed at improving the nutritional well-being of the nation's diverse population.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3994 छत्तीसगढ़ राज्य में कृषि की भूमिका 2025-02-15T10:50:20+0530 डॅा. श्रीमती सुनीता साहू [email protected] <p>छत्तीसगढ़ मुख्य रूप से कृषि प्रधान राज्य है जिसकी अर्थव्यवस्था और रोजगार में कृषि का महत्वपूर्ण योगदान है। राज्य की 70ः से अधिक आबादी कृषि में लगी हुई है। छत्तीसगढ में कृषि राज्य के सकल घरेलु उत्पाद में लगभग 25ः योगदान देती है। राज्य का कुल खेती योग्य क्षेत्र 4.78 मिलियन हेक्टेयर है जो इसके कुल भौगोलिक क्षेत्र का लगभग 35ः शुद्व सिंचित क्षेत्र खेती योग्य क्षेत्र का 23ः है जिसमेें लाल और पीली मिटटी प्रमुख प्रकार की मिटटी है। छत्तीसगढ में उगाई जाने वाली प्रमुख फसले चांवल, गेहॅू, बाजरा, दालें और तिलहन है। चांवल राज्य की प्रमुख फसल है और 70ः से अधिक खेती योग्य क्षेत्र में उगाया जाता है लगभग 20ः खेती योग्य क्षेत्र पर रबी फसल रूप में उगाया जाता है बाजरा, दलहन और तिलहन भी महत्वपूर्ण फसले है और छोटे क्षेत्रों में उगाई जाती है। आर्थिक समीक्षा 2023-24 से कृषि क्षेत्र का विकास दर 1.4ः एवं औसत वार्षिक वृद्वि दर 4.18ः रही है। छत्तीसगढ़ में कृषि को जलवायु परिवर्तन, पानी की कमी और मिट्टी के क्षरण सहित कई चुनौतियों का सामना करना पड़ रहा है, हालाकि राज्य सरकार इन चुनौतियों से निपटने और टिकाऊ कृषि को बढ़ावा देने के लिए कदम उठा रही है।</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3995 TOURISM’S ECONOMIC FOOTPRINTS IN INDIA: SYNCHRONIZING GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES TO ENCOURAGE INDUSTRY GROWTH 2025-02-15T10:54:45+0530 Dr Jaini A. Shah [email protected] <p>This study dives into the intricate interactions between tourism, economic development, and government activities, providing a thorough examination of the various dynamics that define the Indian tourism environment. The main goals are to identify the economic footprints that tourism leaves behind and to comprehend the complex role that the government plays as an essential enabler in guiding market-driven improvements in the sector. The research attempts to offer a detailed knowledge of the potential and problems inherent in the pursuit of sustainable and economically significant tourist expansion through the examination of case studies and regional analyses. &nbsp;</p> <p>However, For regression analysis study period consistes of 2013-2022.The study concludes that FEE and FTA is significantly affecting to GDP contribution of Tourism while FTA &amp; FEE is&nbsp; not significantly affecting to total GDP of country. Economists and tourism companies can be benefited with this comparison and prediction.Policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers are expected to find great significance in the research findings, which provide a basis for well-informed decision-making and strategic planning in the dynamic environment of India’s thriving tourist sector.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3996 BRAND BUFFET OR SPECIALTY SELECTION: DECODING AHMEDABAD'S CONSUMER PREFERENCES IN RETAIL STORES 2025-02-15T10:57:26+0530 Hardik Mukeshkumar Panchmatia [email protected] Manali Rakesh Jain [email protected] <p>Consumer preferences for brand retail stores hold significant importance for both retailers and consumers alike. Understanding these preferences enables retailers to better cater to the needs and desires of their target audience, ultimately enhancing the overall shopping experience and driving business success. Consumer preferences provide valuable insights into the types of products, services, and experiences that resonate most with shoppers. By analysing consumer preferences, retailers can tailor their product assortments, pricing strategies, and promotional efforts to meet the demands of their target market effectively. Consumer preferences influence purchasing behaviour and brand loyalty. Consumers are more likely to make repeat purchases and become loyal advocates for brands that align with their preferences and values. Therefore, retailers that understand and cater to consumer preferences are better positioned to cultivate brand loyalty and foster long-term customer relationships. This paper explores the consumer preferences for brand retail stores in Ahmedabad, India. The research objectives include analysing the buying behaviour of consumers towards brand stores and examining the association between demographic profiles and their buying behaviour. The study utilizes a sample size of 200 customers from Ahmedabad city to gather insights into consumer preferences. Findings indicate that consumers believe multibrand stores offer a wider variety of products, while they trust the quality of products more when purchasing from standalone brand stores. Additionally, consumers perceive standalone brand stores as providing a better shopping experience with personalized service. Furthermore, demographic profiles such as gender, age, and monthly income are found to be associated with consumer preferences for brand stores.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ) https://ierj.in/journal/index.php/ierj/article/view/3997 JUANG LIVELIHOOD AND FOOD INSECURITY ISSUES: AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND THE WAY FORWARD 2025-02-15T10:59:25+0530 Miss. Manasi Naik [email protected] Dr, Iswar Chandra Naik [email protected] <p>The issue of food insecurity has remained as a major concern for several tribal households in Odisha who mostly depend on collection of Minor Forest Produces and agriculture as their livelihood sources. It has been a major challenge for the government and administration of the states like Odisha where quite a significant number of populations are estimated to be absolutely poor and they suffer from food insecurity and malnutrition. Agriculture and collection of forest produces are still found to be one of the important contributors to the state economy whereas changes in climate and weather conditions as well as occurrences of calamities like, insufficient rain fall, flood, drought and cyclone have affected negatively the food production in the state to a great extent. This has been one of the reasons that gave Odisha an unwanted status of the second poorest state in India. The present paper discusses this issue of Food Insecurity and Livelihood problem by taking the case study of Juang tribe of Odisha. It also focuses on the loopholes that are prevalent within the Government sponsored schemes and programmes because of which the food insecurity issues and livelihood-related problems have not been resolved from several years.</p> 2025-02-15T00:00:00+0530 Copyright (c) 2025 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ)