INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL PERSPECTIVES OF FINANCIAL INCLUISON: A REVIEW OF SELECT STUDIES
Keywords:
Financial Inclusion, Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), Community Financing Learning Initiative (CFLIs), Post Office Card Account (POCA), Business Facilitator (BF), Business Correspondent (BC), Know your customer (KYC), Self-Help Group (SHG), Regional Rural Banks (RRBs)Abstract
Financial inclusion has become an important policy objective of many countries in recent years. In India this was adopted in eleventh five year plan. Financial inclusion implies access of financial services to all segments of the society. This paper highlight some studies and try to evaluate the role of Financial Inclusion at International level and national level, what are the factors which are playing important role in international and national level and to know those factors which are barrier in implementing financial inclusion?
The finding shows that some study of cross country analysis and various national level analyses laid an important focus on the positive relationship between financial inclusion and economic development. The Indian study show that there is exclusion and that poorer sections of the society have not been able to access adequately financial services from the organized financial system.
References
I. Aghion, Philippe and Bolton, Patrick. (April 1997). A Theory of Trickle-Down Growth and Development. The Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 64 (2) 151-172.
II. Asher, M.G. & Shankar S. (2007). Microfinance Bill: Need for Major Re-think. [accessed 4 November 2007] Available at www.karmayog.org/billsinparliament/upload/8457/ CFO_Article-final.doc.
III. Asian Development Bank (ADB) (2000). Finance for the Poor: Microfinance Development Strategy.
IV. Banerjee, Abhijit V. and Newman, Andrew F. (April 1993). Occupational Choice and the Process of Development. The Journal of Political Economy. Vol. 101(2) 274-298.
V. Beck, Thorsten, Demirguc-Kunt, Asli and Honahan, Patrick. (February 2009). Access to Financial Services: Measurement, Impact, and Policies. The World Bank Research Observer Advance Access, Oxford University Press.
VI. Bhatnagar, S. (2008). Awaiting Microfinance: A Study on the Financial Needs of the Poor in a Tribal Area in Gujarat. Paper presented at the ‘Microfinance in India: Evolving strategies to deepen and broaden the outreach conference, 14 May 2008, Mahatma Gandhi Labour Institute, Ahmedabad, India
VII. Bhatt, E. 2006. Interview. Times of India, Ahmedabad, 14 October 2006.
VIII. Burgess, Robin and Pande, Rohini. (August 2003). Do Rural Banks Matter? Evidence from the Indian Social Banking Experiment. London School of Economics and Political Science, London. Discussion Paper No. DEDPS/40.
IX. Honohan, Patrick. (March 15-16, 2007). Cross Country Variation in Household Access to Financial Services. Paper prepared for the World Bank Conference on Access to Finance.
X. Khandker, S.R. (1996). Fighting Poverty with Microcredit: Experience of the Grameen Bank and Other Programmes in Bangladesh. Washington DC: World Bank.
XI. Khandker, S.R. (2003). Microfinance and Poverty. Policy Research Working Paper No. 2945. Washington, DC:World Bank.
XII. King Robert G. and Levine R. (1993).Finance and Growth: Schumpeter Might Be Right. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. Vol. 108(3) .717-738.
XIII. Levine, Ross. (June 1997). Financial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda. Journal of Economic Literature. Vol. XXXV. 688-726.
XIV. Levine R. and Zervous S. (1998).Stock Markets, Banks and Economic Growth. American Economic Review. Vol. 88(3). 537-558.
XV. Mathew, P. M. (July 31, 2006). Financial Inclusion Calls for New Initiatives. The Hindu. Monday.
XVI. Mehrotra, Nirupam, Puhazhendhi, V., Nair G Gopakumaran and Sahoo, B.B. (2009). Financial Inclusion-An Overview. Department of Economic Analysis and Research, National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), Occasional Paper No. 48, Mumbai.
XVII. Menon, R. 2005. Banking for the Poor: Micro Credit Gathers Force. India Together [accessed 7 July 2007].Available at: www.indiatogether.org
XVIII. Mohan, Rakesh. (2006). Economic Growth, Financial Deepening and Financial Inclusion, Address by Rakesh Mohan, Deputy Governor, Reserve Bank of India at the Annual Bankers’ Conference 2006, November 3, Hyderabad.
XIX. Natu, A., Bansal, A., Kurien, A., Khurana, G. and Bhushan, T. (2008). Linking financial inclusion with social security schemes. IFMR Working Paper Series, No. 22. Centre for Microfinance, IFMR.
XX. Navajas, S., Schreiner, M., Meyer, R.L., Gonzalez Vega, C. & Meza, J. (2000). Microcredit and the Poorest of the Poor: Theory and Evidence from Bolivia. World Development, 28(2): 333–346.
XXI. Priyadarshee, A. 2010. Microfinance Product Development for the Poorest: A Theoretical Framework, and Empirical Observations from India. Paper presented at the ‘Third International Conference on Microfinance’, Pondicherry University, 22–24 January.
XXII. Rajan,R.G. and Zingales,L. (2003). Saving Capitalism from Capitalists. Crown Business New York.
XXIII. Rangarajan committee Government of India. (January 2008). Report of the Committee on Financial Inclusion. Chairman C. Rangarajan.
XXIV. Sarma, Mandira. (June 2008). Index of Financial Inclusion. Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, Working Paper No. 215.
XXV. Sarma,M. and Pais.J. (2010). Financial Inclusion and Development. Journal of International Development.
XXVI. Thyagarajan, S. & Venkatesan, J. 2008. Cost–benefit and Usage Behaviour Analysis of No Frills Accounts: A Study Report on Cuddalore District, College of Agricultural Banking and IFMR [accessed 18 December 2012] .Available at http://ifmr.ac.in/cmf/news/Thyagarajan_No%20Frills_Cuddalore.pdf
XXVII. United Nations (2006). Building Inclusive Financial Sectors for Development. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations.
XXVIII. World Bank. (2008). Banking the Poor: Measuring Banking Access in 54 Economies. World Bank, Washington DC.
XXIX. World Bank. (2009). Finance for All?: Policies and Pitfalls in Expanding Access. World Bank Policy Research Paper, World Bank.
XXX. Yunus, Muhammad. (1998). Banker to the Poor: Micro-lending and the Battle against World Poverty, Public Affairs, New York
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.