AN EXPLORATION OF POLITICAL CONFRONTATION IN INDIA'S FIFTH AND SIXTH SCHEDULE AREAS: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES, AND REMEDIES
Keywords:
Fifth Schedule, Sixth Schedule, Tribal Autonomy, Political Confrontation, Governance, India, Constitutional Provisions, Development ChallengesAbstract
This research paper examines the complex dynamics of political confrontation in India's Fifth and Sixth Schedule areas, which are regions granted special autonomous status under the Indian Constitution. Through a comprehensive analysis of historical contexts, socio-economic factors, and governance challenges, this study aims to uncover the root causes of persistent conflicts in these areas, assess their multifaceted consequences, and propose potential remedies. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining literature review, case studies, and data analysis to provide a nuanced understanding of the issues at hand. Findings suggest that while constitutional provisions aim to protect tribal rights and promote development, their implementation has often fallen short, leading to disillusionment and conflict. The paper concludes by proposing a set of recommendations aimed at addressing the underlying causes of confrontation and fostering sustainable peace and development in these crucial regions.
References
I. Xaxa, V. (2011). The status of tribal children in India: A historical perspective. Institute for Human Development.
II. Bijoy, C. R., Gopalakrishnan, S., & Khanna, S. (2010). India and the rights of indigenous peoples. Asia Indigenous Peoples Pact.
III. Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Government of India. (2021). Annual Report 2020-2021.
IV. Sharma, B. D. (2010). Unbroken history of broken promises: Indian state and the tribal people. Freedom Press.
V. Guha, R. (2007). Adivasis, naxalites and Indian democracy. Economic and Political Weekly, 42(32), 3305-3312.
VI. Sundar, N. (2016). The burning forest: India's war in Bastar. Juggernaut Books.
VII. Munda, R. D., & Mullick, S. B. (Eds.). (2003). The Jharkhand movement: Indigenous peoples' struggle for autonomy in India. IWGIA.
VIII. Padel, F., & Das, S. (2010). Out of this earth: East India Adivasis and the aluminium cartel. Orient BlackSwan.
IX. Virginius Xaxa Committee. (2014). Report of the high-level committee on socio-economic, health and educational status of tribal communities of India. Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Government of India.
X. Bandi, M. (2015). Forest rights act: Land distribution and livelihoods of forest dependent people. Economic and Political Weekly, 50(4), 59-66.
XI. Banerjee, A., & Somanathan, R. (2007). The political economy of public goods: Some evidence from India. Journal of Development Economics, 82(2), 287-314.
XII. Baruah, S. (2020). In the name of the nation: India and its Northeast. Stanford University Press.
XIII. Das, S. K. (2013). Governing India's Northeast: Essays on insurgency, development and the culture of peace. Springer.
XIV. Government of India. (1996). The Provisions of the Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996.
XV. Kumar, K., & Kerr, J. M. (2012). Democratic assertions: The making of India's recognition of forest rights act. Development and Change, 43(3), 751-771.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 International Education and Research Journal (IERJ)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
