ENHANCING FORENSIC INVESTIGATIONS: THE ROLE OF BIOCHEMICAL MARKER ANALYSIS IN BODILY FLUIDS FOR LINKING SUSPECTS TO CRIME SCENES

Abstract

The advancement of forensic science relies heavily on the continual development of innovative methodologies to accurately link suspects to crime scenes. This paper explores the burgeoning field of biochemical marker analysis in bodily fluids such as blood and saliva as a potent tool for forensic investigations. Biochemical markers, including proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids, offer detailed insights into an individual's physiological state, recent activities, and substance exposures. Utilizing advanced techniques such as mass spectrometry, chromatography, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), these markers can be identified and quantified precisely, providing a robust supplement to traditional forensic methods. Through a review of pioneering studies and case applications, this research highlights the advantages of biochemical marker analysis, such as enhanced specificity and non-invasive sample collection, while also addressing potential challenges like sample contamination and individual variability. The integration of emerging technologies, like next-generation sequencing and advanced bioinformatics, promises to further refine these analyses, paving the way for more comprehensive and accurate forensic profiling. This paper underscores the significant potential of biochemical markers to elevate the effectiveness of forensic science and the pursuit of justice.