TRADE, COMMERCE AND BUSINESS UNDER THE PATRONAGE OF YASHWANTRAO HOLKAR

Abstract

Yashwantrao Holkar, often portrayed by his contemporaries as a malevolent figure, operated within a tumultuous era, navigating treacherous conditions for self-preservation. Despite being vilified, he earned admiration and loyalty from his companions. His military career showcased exceptional leadership, characterized by his personal involvement in battles alongside his soldiers. Notably, his courageous resistance prevented the collapse of the Holkar state against formidable adversaries like the Peshwa and Shinde. While some of his methods were brutal, they were driven by a need to maintain authority and deterrence.

Holkar's vision extended beyond warfare; he sought cooperation among Marathas to counter British influence, albeit thwarted by internal discord. Despite his continuous engagement in warfare, Holkar made efforts to stabilize and promote prosperity in his domain, fostering relationships with business communities and ensuring the protection of commerce. His interventions to resolve disputes and support traders demonstrate a commitment to stability and economic growth.

While Holkar employed harsh measures for revenue generation, such actions were typical of rulers of his time. Thus, while Holkar exhibited ruthless traits, he also demonstrated leadership qualities and initiatives for governance and prosperity, challenging simplistic portrayals of him as a mere "devil" or "monster."